ABSTRACT
This study examines the possible correlation between the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and different head postures in the frontal and sagittal planes using photographs of undergraduate students in the School of Dentistry at the Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brazil. In this nonrandomized, cross-sectional study, the diagnoses of TMD were made with the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC)/TMD axis I. The craniovertebral angle was used to evaluate forward head posture in the sagittal plane, and the interpupillary line was used to measure head tilt in the frontal plane. The measurements to evaluate head posture were made using the Software for the Assessment of Posture (SAPO). Students were divided into two study groups, based on the presence or absence of TMD. The study group comprised 46 students and the control group comprised 80 students. Data about head posture and TMD were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 13. Most cases of TMD were classified as degenerative processes (group III), followed by disk displacement (group II) and muscle disorders (group I). There was no sex predominance for the type of disorder. No association was found between prevalence rates for head postures in the frontal plane and the occurrence of TMD. The same result was found for the association of TMD diagnosis with craniovertebral angle among men and women, and the group that contained both men and women. Abnormal head postures were common among individuals both with and without TMD. No association was found between head posture evaluated in the frontal and sagittal planes and TMD diagnosis with the use of RDC/TMD.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Head , Posture , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/etiology , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Cervical Vertebrae , Cross-Sectional Studies , Facial Pain/etiology , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Photography , Sex Factors , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar três métodos de avaliação de postura anterior de cabeça. Foi realizado um estudo do tipo transversal no qual participaram 16 homens e 13 mulheres estudantes de odontologia da Universidade de Brasília. Os participantes tiveram a postura de cabeça avaliada pelos métodos descritos por Kendall (fio de prumo), Gelb e Ângulo Craniovertebral, utilizando o software de avaliação postural sapo. Os resultados mostraram que 75% tiveram avaliação positiva para postura anterior de cabeça utilizando o fio de prumo, para os métodos de Gelb e Ângulo Craniovertebral utilizou-se a Curva Roc para estabelecer um ponto de corte e definir a partir de qual valor poderia ser considerado postura anterior de cabeça. Apenas para a descrição de Gelb foi possível e na comparação com o fio de prumo houve uma alta concordância dos achados, contudo, esses dois métodos apresentaram variáveis que poderiam influenciar nos resultados. O Ângulo craniovertebral se mostrou mais exato na avaliação de postura anterior de cabeça, entretanto, não foi possível compará-lo com as outras medidas. Em vista disso, recomendam-se outros estudos comparativos utilizando esses e outros métodos descritos na literatura.
This study aimed to examine three methods of evaluation of forward head posture. We conducted a crosssectional study which was attended by 16 men and 13 women students of Dentistry at the University of Brasilia. Participants had the head posture evaluated by the methods described by Kendall (plumb line), Gelb and Craniovertebral Angle, using the software postural assessment (SAPO). The results showed that 75% had positive evaluation of head posture before using the plumb line, to methods of Gelb and Craniovertebral Angle was used ROC curve to establish acutoff point and set from which value could be considered previous head posture. Just to describe Gelb was possible and in comparison with the plumb line was a high concordance of findings, however, these two methods presented variables that could influence the results. The Craniovertebral Angle was more accurate in the evaluation of previous head posture, however, was not possible to compare it with other measures. Given this, it is recommended that comparative studies using these and other methods described in literature.